The first thing that hits our minds when we hear the term refrigeration is about a unit that keeps our food items cold and fresh. Refrigeration is no doubt one of the most significant engineering accomplishments over the centuries. The refrigeration system involves the elimination of heat from spaces or objects while maintaining their temperature below the surrounding atmosphere. There are six primary components of a refrigeration room or system without which the existence of this system is impossible. Those six components are as follows –
- Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
Located at the end of the liquid line before the evaporator, the thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) is a device that helps in controlling the amount of refrigerant flow to the evaporator. And there you will find the flood back which is essential for maximizing the productivity of the evaporator while preventing the additional liquid refrigerant from going back to the compressor.
The valve also helps in separating the high pressure and low-pressure sides of an air conditioning system. The high pressured liquid refrigerant enters into the valve through the liquid line of the system, but due to the presence of TXV, the amount of liquid refrigerant that enters the evaporator gets condensed.
- Evaporator
The evaporator has a primary role of removing unwanted heat from the product or room through liquid refrigerants. Here, the liquid refrigerant needs to be at low pressure. And this low pressure gets determined by two factors, i.e. the heat that is absorbed from the product to the liquid refrigerant and the removal of low-pressure vapor by the compressor.
- Capacity Control System
The capacity control system as the name suggests controls the power and energy consumption of the system. It also manages dehumidification as well as decreases the compressor cycling. The simplest form of capacity control is the on/off cycling of the compressor.
- Compressor
A compressor draws low temperature and low-pressure vapor from the evaporator through the suction line. This vapor automatically gets compressed once diverted and also there will be a rise in temperature when the vapor gets compressed. Simply, we can say that a compressor converts low temperature to high temperature that is the cause behind the increase in pressure. Heat can be released easily through a compressor.
- Condenser
A condenser is a device that extracts heat from the refrigerant. The fans placed above the condenser unit draws air over the condenser coils. The range of condensation temperature must be around -12 degrees Celsius to -1 degree Celsius. And the vapor gets cooled until it converts into liquid refrigerant again and retains some heat.
- Receiver
A condenser is a device that extracts heat from the refrigerant. The fans placed above the condenser unit draws air over the condenser coils. The range of condensation temperature must be around -12 degrees Celsius to -1 degree Celsius. And the vapor gets cooled until it converts into liquid refrigerant again and retains some heat.
A receiver is a temporary storage and surge tank for liquid refrigerant that acts as a vapor seal. Its primary purpose is to preserve the vapor moving down the liquid line to the expansion valve. Receivers can be made for horizontal as well as vertical installation.
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